October

Crownbeard and Wingstem (Verbesina spp.) in the pines.
Monthly Weather Review:
- Rainfall Total: 1.18 inches
- Highest Temperature: 71.8oF
- Lowest Temperature: 49.7 oF
- Highest Wind Speed: 5.9 mph
- Highest Wind Gust: 22.1 mph
10/3/23
- Goldenrod (Solidago spp.) and Indian Grass (S. nutans) are dominant plants in Francis Prairie.
- Coyote, Bobcat, and Deer tracks sighted in Turtle Pond Logging Deck.
- Seven Eastern Phoebes sighted in Turtle Pond Logging Deck.
- The moon was still visible mid-sky at 11:06am.
- Crownbeard and Wingstem (Verbesina spp.) are dominant flowering plants in Block House

American Holly (I. opaca) berries.
10/6/23
- Roundleaf Thoroughwort (E. rotundifolium) releasing seeds in Firework Prairie, Block House Prairies, and Jax Dry Pond Prairies.
- Hyssopleaf Thoroughwort (E. hyssopifolium) releasing seeds in Firework Prairie, Block House Prairies, and Jax Dry Pond Prairies.
- Late Boneset (E. serotinum) releasing seeds in Fireworks Prairie.
- Horseweed (E. canadensis) releasing seeds in Firework Prairies, Halfmoon Prairies, and Block House Prairies.
- Horse Nettle (S. carolinense) fruits present in Halfmoon Prairies, Indian Mound Prairie, and Block House Prairies.
- American Holly (I. opaca) berries present in Halfmoon, red in color.
- Starry Rosinweed (S. astersicus) is done for the season in all prairies.
- Wild Quinine (P. intergrifolium) is done for the season in all prairies.

Juvenile Green Treefrog on leaf in Dry Pond Prairie.
10/9/23
- Five juvenile green treefrogs were sighted on Crownbeard (V. occidentalis) leaves along the edge of Block House and Dry Pond Prairies.
- Blue Heliotrope (H. amplexicaule) remains in flower in Block House Prairies.
- Red Shoulder Hawk sighted in Pine Tree within Block House North Prairie.
- Three Yellow-Belly Sliders sighted in Turtle Pond.
- Ironweed (V. noveboracensis) in flower along Otter Entrance and Metal Silo Prairies.
- Black Eyed Susan (R. hirta) stems are brittle and brown, all seeds released. Done for the season in all prairies.

Dogfennel (E. capillifolium) flowering in Fireworks West Prairie.
10/13/23
- Dogfennel (E. capillifolium) in flower in Halfmoon Prairies.
- Little Bluestem, Big Bluestem, and Splitbeard Bluestem (Andropogon spp.) starting to develop seed heads or already have seed heads in Halfmoon and Firework Prairies.
- Two deer sighted in Prairie Four, one male and one female.
- Black Rat Snake sighted curled up in Indian Grass (S. nutans) along the edge of Prairie Five.
- Joe Pye Weed (E. purpureum) releasing seeds in Prairie 5 and Prairie 7.
- Ragweed (A. artemisiifolia) found in flower and in seed in Firework Prairies.
10/16/23
- Persimmon (D. virginiana) berries dropping in Redbanks Prairie, Steele Prairie, and Prairie One.
- Eastern Baccharis (B. halimifolia) found with leaves only, with flower buds, and with flowers in Redbanks Prairie. Found with flower buds only in Fireworks East and West Prairies.
- Atamasco Lily (Z. atamasca) seed pods present along edge of Steele Prairie.
- Crownbeard and Wingstem (Verbesina spp.) dropping leaves and starting to die out for the season in Halfmoon and Far Side.
- The first deer rub of the season was sighted in Block House South Prairie on a small cedar tree (~4-inch DBH).

Eastern Baccharis (B. halimifolia) in flower in Redbanks Prairie.
10/20/23
- Bees sighted visiting Blue Mistflower (C. coelestinum) along roadside.
- Large orange fungus found growing at base of Oak Tree in Halfmoon, possibly Chicken of the Woods (L. cincinnatus).
- Duck species sighted along Thompson Creek, ~4 individuals.
- Little Bluestem, Big Bluestem, Splitbeard Bluestem, and Bushy Bluestem (Andropogon spp.) are all releasing seeds in Fireworks, Halfmoon, and Dry Pond Prairies.

Coral Fungus on Forest Floor.
10/24/23
- Coral Fungus (P. myceliosa) was sighted in Mixed Hardwood Forest near Love Shack.
- Eastern Black Trumpet (C. fallax) fungus was sighted in Mixed Hardwood Forest near Love Shack.
- British Soldier Lichen (C. cristatella) sighted on rotting branch in Halfmoon.
10/27/23
- Harnessed Tiger Moth found by Otter Pond.
- Eastern Baccharis (B. halimifolia) is the dominant flowering plant in Redbanks Prairie. Bees, Wasps, Grasshoppers, and Spider species all sighted on one individual.
- Crownbeard and Wingstem (Verbesina spp.) starting to wilt and die for the season in pine stands and Block House Prairies.

American Kestrel on Sound Meter.
10/30/23
- Three White-Tail Deer were sighted in Blue House Forest.
- One Male Box Turtle sighted in forest trail near Indian Mound Prairie.
- Initial growth of Geranium sp., Deadnettle (L. purpureum), Wood Sorrel (Oxalis spp.), and Wild Onion (Allium spp.) all sighted in trails along Muddy Branch.
- Red Maple (A. rubrum) Trees in Muddy Branch will full red color sighted.
- 6 Meadowlark birds sighted in Fireworks Sculpture Grassland.
- American Kestrel sighted on Sound Meter in Fireworks.

Red leaves of Red Maple Tree (A. rubrum).
Aerial views of 3 prairies showing October progression
Author: Brianna Bergamini